PMS Symptoms

    Last Updated: January 31, 2020

    Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a collection of unpleasant symptoms that begin each month during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle and end with the onset of menstruation. Common symptoms include hot flushes, cramps, bloating, acne, mood swings, headaches, anxiety, and more. Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is when the symptoms are severe, particularly those related to mood.

    examine-databaseExamine Database
    7,836 participants in 60 trials

    Examine Database: PMS Symptoms

    Pyridoxine (Vitamin B6)
    B
    Small Improvement
    Calcium
    B
    Small Improvement
    Chaste tree
    A
    Large Improvement
    Vitamin D
    Magnesium
    Lemon Balm
    Vitamin E
    Fish Oil
    Ginkgo Biloba
    Saffron
    Thiamine (Vitamin B1)
    Zinc
    Valerian
    Inositol
    Curcumin
    Ginger
    Boron
    Chromium
    Krill Oil
    Royal Jelly
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    Examine Database References

    1. Calcium - Yonkers KA, Pearlstein TB, Gotman NA pilot study to compare fluoxetine, calcium, and placebo in the treatment of premenstrual syndromeJ Clin Psychopharmacol.(2013 Oct)
    2. Chaste tree - Lauritzen C, Reuter HD, Repges R, Böhnert KJ, Schmidt UTreatment of premenstrual tension syndrome with Vitex agnus castus controlled, double-blind study versus pyridoxinePhytomedicine.(1997 Sep)
    3. Zinc - Jafari F, Amani R, Tarrahi MJEffect of Zinc Supplementation on Physical and Psychological Symptoms, Biomarkers of Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Young Women with Premenstrual Syndrome: a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled TrialBiol Trace Elem Res.(2019 Jun 2)
    4. Curcumin - Khayat S, Fanaei H, Kheirkhah M, Moghadam ZB, Kasaeian A, Javadimehr MCurcumin attenuates severity of premenstrual syndrome symptoms: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trialComplement Ther Med.(2015 Jun)
    5. Pyridoxine (Vitamin B6) - Masoumi SZ, Ataollahi M, Oshvandi KEffect of Combined Use of Calcium and Vitamin B6 on Premenstrual Syndrome Symptoms: a Randomized Clinical TrialJ Caring Sci.(2016 Mar 1)
    6. Magnesium - De Souza MC, Walker AF, Robinson PA, Bolland KA synergistic effect of a daily supplement for 1 month of 200 mg magnesium plus 50 mg vitamin B6 for the relief of anxiety-related premenstrual symptoms: a randomized, double-blind, crossover studyJ Womens Health Gend Based Med.(2000 Mar)
    7. Calcium - Shobeiri F, Araste FE, Ebrahimi R, Jenabi E, Nazari MEffect of calcium on premenstrual syndrome: A double-blind randomized clinical trialObstet Gynecol Sci.(2017 Jan)
    8. Chaste tree - Berger D, Schaffner W, Schrader E, Meier B, Brattström AEfficacy of Vitex agnus castus L. extract Ze 440 in patients with pre-menstrual syndrome (PMS)Arch Gynecol Obstet.(2000 Nov)
    9. Chromium - Brownley KA, Girdler SS, Stout AL, McLeod MNChromium supplementation for menstrual cycle-related mood symptomsJ Diet Suppl.(2013 Dec)
    10. Pyridoxine (Vitamin B6) - Kendall KE, Schnurr PPThe effects of vitamin B6 supplementation on premenstrual symptomsObstet Gynecol.(1987 Aug)
    11. Pyridoxine (Vitamin B6) - Kashanian M, Mazinani R, Jalalmanesh SPyridoxine (vitamin B6) therapy for premenstrual syndromeInt J Gynaecol Obstet.(2007 Jan)
    12. Chaste tree - Momoeda M, Sasaki H, Tagashira E, Ogishima M, Takano Y, Ochiai KEfficacy and safety of Vitex agnus-castus extract for treatment of premenstrual syndrome in Japanese patients: a prospective, open-label studyAdv Ther.(2014 Mar)
    13. Zinc - Siahbazi S, Behboudi-Gandevani S, Moghaddam-Banaem L, Montazeri AEffect of zinc sulfate supplementation on premenstrual syndrome and health-related quality of life: Clinical randomized controlled trialJ Obstet Gynaecol Res.(2017 May)
    14. Ginkgo Biloba - Tamborini A, Taurelle RValue of standardized Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb 761) in the management of congestive symptoms of premenstrual syndromeRev Fr Gynecol Obstet.(1993 Jul-Sep)
    15. Ginkgo Biloba - Ozgoli G, Selselei EA, Mojab F, Majd HAA randomized, placebo-controlled trial of Ginkgo biloba L. in treatment of premenstrual syndromeJ Altern Complement Med.(2009 Aug)
    16. Pyridoxine (Vitamin B6) - Ebrahimi E, Khayati Motlagh S, Nemati S, Tavakoli ZEffects of magnesium and vitamin b6 on the severity of premenstrual syndrome symptomsJ Caring Sci.(2012 Nov 22)
    17. Chaste tree - Schellenberg R, Zimmermann C, Drewe J, Hoexter G, Zahner CDose-dependent efficacy of the Vitex agnus castus extract Ze 440 in patients suffering from premenstrual syndromePhytomedicine.(2012 Sep 27)
    18. Saffron - Agha-Hosseini M, Kashani L, Aleyaseen A, Ghoreishi A, Rahmanpour H, Zarrinara AR, Akhondzadeh SCrocus sativus L. (saffron) in the treatment of premenstrual syndrome: a double-blind, randomised and placebo-controlled trialBJOG.(2008 Mar)
    19. Pyridoxine (Vitamin B6) - Doll H, Brown S, Thurston A, Vessey MPyridoxine (vitamin B6) and the premenstrual syndrome: a randomized crossover trialJ R Coll Gen Pract.(1989 Sep)
    20. Thiamine (Vitamin B1) - Abdollahifard S, Rahmanian Koshkaki A, Moazamiyanfar RThe effects of vitamin B1 on ameliorating the premenstrual syndrome symptomsGlob J Health Sci.(2014 Jul 29)
    21. Calcium - Ghanbari Z, Haghollahi F, Shariat M, Foroshani AR, Ashrafi MEffects of calcium supplement therapy in women with premenstrual syndromeTaiwan J Obstet Gynecol.(2009 Jun)
    22. Lemon Balm - Heydari N, Dehghani M, Emamghoreishi M, Akbarzadeh MEffect of Melissa officinalis capsule on the mental health of female adolescents with premenstrual syndrome: a clinical trial studyInt J Adolesc Med Health.(2018 Jan 25)
    23. Calcium - Thys-Jacobs S, Starkey P, Bernstein D, Tian JCalcium carbonate and the premenstrual syndrome: effects on premenstrual and menstrual symptoms. Premenstrual Syndrome Study GroupAm J Obstet Gynecol.(1998 Aug)
    24. Chaste tree - Atmaca M, Kumru S, Tezcan EFluoxetine versus Vitex agnus castus extract in the treatment of premenstrual dysphoric disorderHum Psychopharmacol.(2003 Apr)
    25. Calcium - Sutariya S, Talsania N, Shah C, Patel M.An interventional study (calcium supplementation & health education) on premenstrual syndrome - effect on premenstrual and menstrual symptomsNat J Com Med.()
    26. Calcium - Mandana Z, Azar AComparison of the Effect of Vit E, VitB6, Calcium and Omega-3 on the Treatment of Premenstrual Syndrome: A Clinical Randomized TrialAnnu Res Rev Biol.()
    27. Calcium - Samieipour, s, et alEFFECT OF CALCIUM AND VITAMIN B1 ON THE SEVERITY OF PREMENSTRUAL SYNDROME: A RANDOMIZED CONTROL TRIALInt J Pharm Tech.()
    28. Fish Oil - Sohrabi N, Kashanian M, Ghafoori SS, Malakouti SKEvaluation of the effect of omega-3 fatty acids in the treatment of premenstrual syndrome: "a pilot trial"Complement Ther Med.(2013 Jun)
    29. Chaste tree - He Z, Chen R, Zhou Y, Geng L, Zhang Z, Chen S, Yao Y, Lu J, Lin STreatment for premenstrual syndrome with Vitex agnus castus: A prospective, randomized, multi-center placebo controlled study in ChinaMaturitas.(2009 May 20)
    30. Calcium - Thys-Jacobs S, Ceccarelli S, Bierman A, Weisman H, Cohen MA, Alvir JCalcium supplementation in premenstrual syndrome: a randomized crossover trialJ Gen Intern Med.(1989 May-Jun)
    31. Thiamine (Vitamin B1) - Samieipour S, et al.EFFECT OF CALCIUM AND VITAMIN B1 ON THE SEVERITY OF PREMENSTRUAL SYNDROME: A RANDOMIZED CONTROL TRIALInt J Pharm Tech.()
    32. Krill Oil - Sampalis F, Bunea R, Pelland MF, Kowalski O, Duguet N, Dupuis SEvaluation of the effects of Neptune Krill Oil on the management of premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrheaAltern Med Rev.(2003 May)
    33. Lemon Balm - Akbarzadeh, M, et alComparison of the Effect of Melissa officinalis Capsule and Care Educational Programs on the Intensity of Physical, Mental and Social Symptoms of Premenstrual Syndrome in High School Female StudentsInt J Women's Health Repro. Sci.()
    34. Lemon Balm - Akbarzadeh M, Dehghani M, Moshfeghy Z, Emamghoreishi M, Tavakoli P, Zare NEffect of Melissa officinalis Capsule on the Intensity of Premenstrual Syndrome Symptoms in High School Girl Students.Nurs Midwifery Stud.(2015-Jun)
    35. Chaste tree - R SchellenbergTreatment for the premenstrual syndrome with agnus castus fruit extract: prospective, randomised, placebo controlled studyBritish Medical Journal.()
    36. Vitamin D - Abdollahi R, Abiri B, Sarbakhsh P, Kashanian M, Vafa MThe Effect of Vitamin D Supplement Consumption on Premenstrual Syndrome in Vitamin D-Deficient Young Girls: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical TrialComplement Med Res.(2019)
    37. Vitamin D - Dadkhah H, Ebrahimi E, Fathizadeh NEvaluating the effects of vitamin D and vitamin E supplement on premenstrual syndrome: A randomized, double-blind, controlled trialIran J Nurs Midwifery Res.(2016 Mar-Apr)
    38. Vitamin D - Bahrami A, Avan A, Sadeghnia HR, Esmaeili H, Tayefi M, Ghasemi F, Nejati Salehkhani F, Arabpour-Dahoue M, Rastgar-Moghadam A, Ferns GA, Bahrami-Taghanaki H, Ghayour-Mobarhan MHigh dose vitamin D supplementation can improve menstrual problems, dysmenorrhea, and premenstrual syndrome in adolescentsGynecol Endocrinol.(2018 Aug)
    39. Fish Oil - Behboudi-Gandevani S, Hariri FZ, Moghaddam-Banaem LThe effect of omega 3 fatty acid supplementation on premenstrual syndrome and health-related quality of life: a randomized clinical trialJ Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol.(2018 Dec)
    40. Pyridoxine (Vitamin B6) - Hagen I, Nesheim BI, Tuntland TNo effect of vitamin B-6 against premenstrual tension. A controlled clinical studyActa Obstet Gynecol Scand.(1985)
    41. Chaste tree - Anna Ambrosini, Cherubino Di Lorenzo, Gianluca Coppola, Francesco PierelliUse of Vitex agnus-castus in migrainous women with premenstrual syndrome: an open-label clinical observationActa Neurol Belg.(2013 Mar)
    42. Vitamin D - Heidari H, Amani R, Feizi A, Askari G, Kohan S, Tavasoli PVitamin D Supplementation for Premenstrual Syndrome-Related inflammation and antioxidant markers in students with vitamin D deficient: a randomized clinical trialSci Rep.(2019 Oct 17)
    43. Royal Jelly - Taavoni S, Barkhordari F, Goushegir A, Haghani HEffect of Royal Jelly on premenstrual syndrome among Iranian medical sciences students: a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled studyComplement Ther Med.(2014 Aug)
    44. Calcium - Penland JG, Johnson PEDietary calcium and manganese effects on menstrual cycle symptomsAm J Obstet Gynecol.(1993 May)
    45. Vitamin D - Tartagni M, Cicinelli MV, Tartagni MV, Alrasheed H, Matteo M, Baldini D, De Salvia M, Loverro G, Montagnani MVitamin D Supplementation for Premenstrual Syndrome-Related Mood Disorders in Adolescents with Severe Hypovitaminosis DJ Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol.(2016 Aug)
    46. Boron - Nikkhah S, Dolatian M, Naghii MR, Zaeri F, Taheri SMEffects of boron supplementation on the severity and duration of pain in primary dysmenorrheaComplement Ther Clin Pract.(2015 May)
    47. Saffron - Beiranvanda S, et alThe effect of Crocus sativus (saffron) on the severity of premenstrual syndromeEur J Integr Med.()
    48. Lemon Balm - Mirghafourvand, M, et alThe efficacy of Lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) only and combined Lemon balm– Nepeta menthoides on premenstrual syndrome and quality of life among students: a randomized controlled trialJ Herb Med.()
    49. Ginger - Khayat S, Kheirkhah M, Behboodi Moghadam Z, Fanaei H, Kasaeian A, Javadimehr MEffect of treatment with ginger on the severity of premenstrual syndrome symptomsISRN Obstet Gynecol.(2014 May 4)
    50. Magnesium - Walker AF, De Souza MC, Vickers MF, Abeyasekera S, Collins ML, Trinca LAMagnesium supplementation alleviates premenstrual symptoms of fluid retentionJ Womens Health.(1998 Nov)
    51. Magnesium - Quaranta S, Buscaglia MA, Meroni MG, Colombo E, Cella SPilot study of the efficacy and safety of a modified-release magnesium 250 mg tablet (Sincromag) for the treatment of premenstrual syndromeClin Drug Investig.(2007)
    52. Chaste tree - Ma L, Lin S, Chen R, Zhang Y, Chen F, Wang XEvaluating therapeutic effect in symptoms of moderate-to-severe premenstrual syndrome with Vitex agnus castus (BNO 1095) in Chinese womenAust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol.(2010 Apr)
    53. Vitamin E - London RS, Sundaram G, Manimekalai S, Murphy L, Reynolds M, Goldstein PThe effect of alpha-tocopherol on premenstrual symptomatology: a double-blind study. II. Endocrine correlatesJ Am Coll Nutr.(1984)
    54. Valerian - Behboodi Moghadam Z, Rezaei E, Shirood Gholami R, Kheirkhah M, Haghani HThe effect of Valerian root extract on the severity of pre menstrual syndrome symptomsJ Tradit Complement Med.(2016 Jan 19)
    55. Valerian - Mirabi P, Dolatian M, Mojab F, Majd HAEffects of valerian on the severity and systemic manifestations of dysmenorrheaInt J Gynaecol Obstet.(2011 Dec)
    56. Inositol - Nemets B, Talesnick B, Belmaker RH, Levine JMyo-inositol has no beneficial effect on premenstrual dysphoric disorderWorld J Biol Psychiatry.(2002 Jul)
    57. Inositol - Gianfranco C, Vittorio U, Silvia B, Francesco DMyo-inositol in the treatment of premenstrual dysphoric disorderHum Psychopharmacol.(2011 Oct)
    58. Pyridoxine (Vitamin B6) - Williams MJ, Harris RI, Dean BCControlled trial of pyridoxine in the premenstrual syndromeJ Int Med Res.(1985)
    59. Chaste tree - Zamani M, Neghab N, Torabian STherapeutic effect of Vitex agnus castus in patients with premenstrual syndromeActa Med Iran.(2012)
    60. Magnesium - Facchinetti F, Borella P, Sances G, Fioroni L, Nappi RE, Genazzani AROral magnesium successfully relieves premenstrual mood changesObstet Gynecol.(1991 Aug)